Rhabdomyolysis after Transplantation: Case Report after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Transplantation and Review of Literature

Rhabdomyolysis is a rare and potentially fatal condition [1]. After allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, rhabdomyolysis has been reported in association with bacterial [2] and fungal [3] infections, and has also occurred as a complication of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim [4] and statin [5,6] administration. The frequency of rhabdomyolysis increases during statin therapy concomitant with cyclosporine [5,7]. The risk of this complication during statin therapy can increase further with the concomitant use of third agents such as macrolides and some azoles, such ketoconazole and itraconazole [8-11].